7 Simple Steps: How to Use Windscreen Wipers

Windscreen wipers are an essential safety feature that helps to keep your windscreen clear of rain, snow, and other debris. However, using them incorrectly can actually do more harm than good. In this article, we will provide you with some tips on how to use windscreen wipers properly and keep your windscreen clean and clear.

First, it is important to only use windscreen wipers when necessary. Using them when the windscreen is dry can damage the wiper blades and the windscreen itself. If the windscreen is only slightly wet, you can try using the intermittent setting on your wipers to conserve fluid and extend the life of the blades. When the windscreen is heavily wet, you can use the continuous setting to clear it quickly. There are also different types of wiper blades available, such as flat blades and beam blades. Flat blades are less likely to chatter or squeak than traditional wiper blades, while beam blades offer a longer lifespan. It is important to choose the right type of wiper blade for your vehicle and driving conditions.

Finally, it is important to replace windscreen wiper blades regularly. Wiper blades should be replaced every six to twelve months, or more often if you drive in harsh weather conditions. Worn-out wiper blades can streak, chatter, or even fail to clear the windscreen properly. This can be dangerous, as it can reduce your visibility and make it difficult to see the road ahead. By following these tips, you can help to keep your windscreen clean and clear and ensure that your wiper blades are working properly.

Selecting the Right Wiper Blades

Material and Durability

The material of the wiper blades directly affects their performance and longevity. Natural rubber is a popular choice, offering a balance of durability and flexibility. It can effectively clear water and debris without streaking or chattering. Synthetic rubber is another option, providing enhanced resistance to ozone and UV degradation, leading to a longer lifespan. For extreme weather conditions, silicone blades excel with their superior flexibility, ice-resistance, and reduced noise levels.

Blade Length and Fit

Choosing the correct blade length is crucial for optimal wiping coverage. Measure the length of your current blades or consult your vehicle’s owner’s manual. Wiper blades are available in various sizes to fit different vehicle models and windshields. A precise fit ensures even pressure distribution and prevents uneven wiping.

Blade Type and Design

Wiper blades come in two primary types: conventional and beam. Conventional blades feature a metal frame with a rubber blade, while beam blades are frameless and more aerodynamic. Frameless blades reduce wind resistance, improving wiping performance and reducing noise. Advanced blade designs incorporate spoilers or air deflectors to enhance downforce and prevent wind lift, resulting in a more consistent wipe.

Other Considerations

When purchasing wiper blades, consider factors like blade width for thorough coverage, winter performance for cold climates, and noise level for a comfortable driving experience. Additionally, check if the blades come with pre-installed adapters for easy installation.

Cleaning and Maintaining Wiper Blades

Clean the wiper blades regularly. Use a clean cloth or paper towels to wipe down all surfaces of the blade, removing dirt, debris, and any other buildup. You can use a mild soap and water mixture to gently clean the blades, if necessary.

Inspect the wiper blades for damage

Check the wiper blades for any tears, cracks, or other damage. If the wiper blades are damaged, they must be replaced.

Replace the wiper blades regularly

Most manufacturers recommend replacing wiper blades every 6 to 12 months, or sooner if the wiper blades are damaged or worn. When replacing the wiper blades, choose a size and type that is compatible with your vehicle.

Wiper Blade Size	Wiper Blade Type
15 inches	Traditional metal blades
20 inches	Beam blades
22 inches	Hybrid blades

Adjusting Wiper Arm Tension

Wiper arm tension is crucial for ensuring optimal wiper performance and longevity. Improper tension can lead to streaking, skipping, or even damage to the windshield.

To adjust wiper arm tension, follow these steps:

**1. Park the vehicle on a level surface.** This will ensure that the wiper arms are in their normal resting position.

**2. Lift the wiper arms up and away from the windshield.** Be careful not to overextend the arms, as this can damage the springs.

**3. Locate the tension adjustment nut or screw.** This is typically located on the wiper arm pivot point. It may require a wrench or screwdriver to adjust.

Wiper Type	Adjustment Tool
Conventional	Wrench
Beam	Screwdriver

**4. Adjust the tension nut or screw as needed.** Tightening the nut or screw will increase tension, while loosening it will decrease tension.

**5. Test the wiper operation.** Lower the wiper arms back onto the windshield and activate the wipers. Observe the wiper performance to ensure that they are making good contact with the windshield without streaking or skipping.

**6. Retighten the tension nut or screw if necessary.** If the wiper performance is not satisfactory, adjust the tension nut or screw further and test again.

Troubleshooting Common Wiper Issues

1. Wipers Not Working

* Check if the wiper motor is jammed by debris or ice.
* Test the fuse that powers the wiper motor.
* Inspect the wiring for breaks or loose connections.

2. Wipers Not Wiping Properly

* Ensure that there is fluid in the wiper fluid reservoir.
* Clean the wiper blades with isopropyl alcohol or vinegar.
* Check if the wiper arms are bent or misaligned.

3. Wipers Streaking

* Replace the worn-out wiper blades with new ones.
* Clean the windshield with a glass cleaner.
* Inspect the wiper motor for proper lubrication.

4. Wipers Chattering

* This is often caused by a worn-out wiper blade. Replace the blade with a new one.
* Check if the wiper arm is bent or misaligned. This can cause the blade to jump off the windshield.
* Ensure that the windshield is clean. Dirt and debris can build up under the blade, causing it to chatter.

Possible Cause	Solution
Worn-out wiper blade	Replace the blade with a new one.
Bent or misaligned wiper arm	Adjust or replace the wiper arm.
Dirty windshield	Clean the windshield with a glass cleaner.
Loose wiper nuts	Tighten the wiper nuts.
Damaged wiper motor	Replace the wiper motor.
Faulty wiring	Repair or replace the faulty wiring.

Safety Considerations When Using Windscreen Wipers

5. Preparing for Driving in Adverse Weather Conditions

Driving in adverse weather conditions, such as heavy rain, snow, or fog, poses additional challenges that require proper preparation and cautious driving habits. Here are precautions and tips to ensure the effective use of windscreen wipers in hazardous weather:

Check Wiper Condition: Ensure that your windscreen wipers are in good working condition. Replace worn or damaged blades promptly to enhance visibility during inclement weather.
Visibility Check: Before driving, clear any dirt or debris that may obstruct your view. Check the windscreen and wiper blades regularly for optimal performance.
Adjust Wipers: Calibrate wiper speeds to match the intensity of rainfall or snowfall. Use higher speeds for torrential downpours and slower settings for light rain.
Defrost Windscreen: If your car has a defroster, use it to clear any accumulated ice or fog from the windscreen before driving. Defrosting improves visibility and prevents wiper blades from freezing.
Anti-Fog Products: Consider using anti-fog products or coatings on the windscreen to prevent condensation and reduce glare in foggy conditions.
Headlight Usage: Headlights provide additional visibility in poor weather. Turn on your headlights during rain, snow, or fog to improve visibility for yourself and other drivers.
Defensive Driving: Maintain a safe following distance behind other vehicles and drive at a reduced speed appropriate for the visibility and road conditions. Exercise caution when passing or being passed by vehicles.
Pull Over if Necessary: If visibility becomes severely impaired by extreme weather conditions, pull over to a safe location and wait until conditions improve. It’s better to delay your trip than risk an accident.

Customized Wiper Settings for Optimal Visibility

To ensure optimal visibility, customize your wiper settings to suit your driving conditions. Here are some tips:

1. Adjust the Intermittent Rate

Set the intermittent rate to match the intensity of the rainfall. For light rain, a slower rate is sufficient, while for heavy downpours, a faster rate is necessary.

2. Choose the Right Sensitivity

Adjust the wiper sensitivity to avoid wipers activating unnecessarily. For example, in light rain or mist, a lower sensitivity setting will prevent the wipers from running too frequently.

3. Control the Park Position

Set the park position of the wipers to the desired location on the windshield when not in use. This ensures they are out of your sightline and do not obstruct your view.

4. Use the Washer Fluid

Add washer fluid to the reservoir to effectively remove dirt and grime from the windshield. Use the washer function to clean the windshield when necessary, especially during heavy rain.

5. Replace Worn-Out Blades

Regularly inspect and replace worn-out wiper blades. Damaged or worn blades can streak or chatter, reducing visibility. Replacing them ensures optimal wiping performance.

6. Consider Specialized Wiper Types

Specific types of wipers cater to different needs and conditions. For instance, beam blade wipers conform better to the windshield curvature for improved wiping performance, while aerodynamic wipers reduce wind resistance and noise.

Wiper Type	Benefits
Beam Blade	Improved contact, less noise
Aerodynamic	Reduced wind resistance, quieter operation
Winter	Specialized design for snowy conditions

Winter-Specific Considerations for Windscreen Wipers

When winter rolls around, it’s essential to give your windscreen wipers some extra attention to ensure they’re up to the task of clearing away snow, ice, and sleet.

7. Winter-Specific Considerations for Windscreen Wipers

Replace old or worn wiper blades:

Wiper blades naturally degrade over time, so it’s crucial to replace them regularly, especially before winter. Old or worn blades may not wipe properly and can even damage your windscreen.

Use a winter-specific wiper fluid:

Standard wiper fluid can freeze in cold temperatures, rendering it ineffective. Opt for a winter-specific wiper fluid that contains antifreeze to prevent freezing and ensure proper visibility.

Clear ice and snow from your windscreen:

Before using your wipers, remove any accumulated ice or snow from your windscreen by hand. This will prevent the wipers from getting stuck or straining against the ice, potentially damaging them.

Keep your wiper fluid reservoir full:

Make sure your wiper fluid reservoir is always topped off, especially during winter. You’ll need plenty of fluid to clear away the constant accumulation of winter precipitation and dirt.

Use your wipers sparingly:

Avoid using your wipers excessively, as this can put unnecessary strain on the motor and blades. If visibility is poor, first try to clear the windscreen with your defroster or by hand.

Protect your wipers from the elements:

When not in use, lift your wiper blades off the windscreen to prevent them from freezing to the glass. Consider covering them with a cloth or windshield cover to protect them from snow and ice.

Inspect your wipers regularly:

Throughout the winter, periodically inspect your wiper blades for any signs of damage or wear. If you notice any issues, replace the blades immediately to maintain optimal performance and visibility.

Effects of Windshield Deterioration on Wiper Performance

Windshield deterioration can significantly impact wiper performance. Here are some specific effects to consider:

Scratches and Cracks

Scratches and cracks on the windshield create uneven surfaces that can hinder wiper blades from effectively clearing water and debris. The wiper blades may bounce or skip over these irregularities, leaving streaks and reducing visibility.

Pitting and Haze

Pitting and haze on the windshield result from the accumulation of dirt, road salt, and other contaminants. This makes the glass surface rough and reduces the effectiveness of wiper blades. The wipers may smear water and debris instead of removing them.

Etching and Corrosion

Acid rain, bird droppings, and tree sap can cause etching and corrosion on the windshield. These substances damage the glass surface, creating a rough and porous texture that can interfere with wiper blade performance.

Windshield Seal Failure

A failing windshield seal can allow water and debris to enter the wiper motor and transmission. This can lead to corrosion, premature wear, and reduced wiper performance.

Deteriorated Wiper Blades

As wiper blades age, the rubber becomes harder and less flexible. This makes them less effective at removing water and debris from the windshield. Deteriorated wiper blades can also scratch or streak the windshield.

Tips to Prevent Deterioration

Clean your windshield regularly.
Use a glass cleaner specifically designed for automotive windshields.
Repair chips and cracks promptly.
Replace your wiper blades every 6-12 months, or more frequently if you drive in harsh conditions.
Park your car in a garage or covered area to protect the windshield from the sun and elements.

Tips for Extending Wiper Blade Lifespan

Maintaining your wiper blades can not only ensure optimal visibility during inclement weather but also extend their lifespan. Here are some helpful tips:

1. Clean Regularly

Regularly wipe down your wiper blades with a damp cloth to remove dirt, debris, and bird droppings. This prevents abrasive accumulation that can prematurely wear out the blades.

2. Inspect Blades

Examine your wiper blades for cracks, tears, or uneven edges. If you notice any damage, replace the blades immediately to avoid streaking or skipping.

3. Lift Blades When Not in Use

When parking your vehicle in sunny or hot conditions, lift the wiper blades off the windshield to prevent them from overheating and becoming brittle.

4. Use the Correct Windshield Fluid

Choose a windshield fluid specifically designed for your vehicle. Avoid using household cleaning products or water, as they can damage the blades or leave streaks.

5. Avoid Heavy Debris

Try to avoid driving through heavy snow, ice, or fallen leaves. These materials can put excessive strain on your wiper blades, leading to premature failure.

6. Use Your Blades Regularly

Using your wiper blades regularly can distribute natural oils that help prevent premature drying and cracking.

7. Replace Blades Seasonally

As a general rule of thumb, replace your wiper blades every 6-12 months, or more frequently if you notice reduced performance.

8. Replace Both Blades

Always replace both wiper blades simultaneously to ensure even wear and optimal performance.

9. Table of Wiper Blade Lifespan Factors

Factor	Lifespan
Climate (dry/humid/extreme)	Varies significantly
Frequency of Use	More frequent use = shorter lifespan
Windshield Condition (clean/dirty)	Dirty windshields increase wear
Blade Material	Synthetic rubber lasts longer than natural rubber
Blade Design	Aerodynamic designs reduce wear
Vehicle Type (sedan/SUV/truck)	Larger vehicles require larger blades, which can wear faster

Frequently Asked Questions about Windscreen Wipers

What are windscreen wipers used for?

Windscreen wipers are used to remove rain, snow, dirt, and other debris from the windshield of a vehicle, improving visibility for the driver.

How do windscreen wipers work?

Windscreen wipers consist of rubber blades attached to arms that are connected to a motor. The motor powers the arms, which pivot back and forth across the windshield, sweeping away debris.

How often should windscreen wipers be replaced?

Windscreen wipers should be replaced every 6 to 12 months or as needed when they become worn or damaged.

How can I tell if my windscreen wipers need to be replaced?

Signs that windscreen wipers need to be replaced include: streaking, chattering, skipping, and tearing.

How do I replace windscreen wipers?

Replacing windscreen wipers is a relatively simple task. Refer to your vehicle’s owner’s manual for specific instructions.

What are some tips for using windscreen wipers?

Use wipers in intermittent mode as much as possible to conserve fluid and extend blade life. Avoid using wipers on a dry windshield as this can damage the blades.

How do I troubleshoot windscreen wiper problems?

Common wiper problems include motor failure, linkage issues, and clogged nozzles. Troubleshooting involves checking fuses, testing the motor, and inspecting the linkage.

What types of windscreen wipers are there?

There are various types of windscreen wipers, including conventional, beam, and flat wipers. Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages.

How do I clean windscreen wipers?

Windscreen wipers can be cleaned by wiping them down with a cloth soaked in a mixture of water and vinegar or by using a commercial wiper cleaner.

How can I prevent windscreen wiper problems?

Regularly cleaning and inspecting windscreen wipers, replacing them as needed, and using wiper fluid appropriate for the season can help prevent problems.

How To Use Windscreen Wipers

Windscreen wipers are an essential part of any vehicle, helping to clear away rain, snow, and other debris from the windshield to ensure clear visibility for the driver. Using them correctly is important for both safety and convenience. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to use windscreen wipers:

Locate the wiper controls: These are typically found on the steering column or dashboard.
Adjust the wiper speed: Most vehicles have a dial or switch that allows you to adjust the speed of the wipers, from intermittent to high-speed.
Turn on the wipers: Use the wiper switch to turn on the wipers. The wipers will start moving back and forth across the windshield.
Adjust the wiper pattern: Some vehicles have the ability to adjust the pattern of the wipers, such as intermittent, continuous, or timed.
Use the washer fluid: If the windshield is particularly dirty, you can use the washer fluid to help remove dirt and debris. Activate the washer fluid by pulling the lever or pressing the button on the wiper control.
Turn off the wipers: When the windshield is clear, turn off the wipers using the wiper switch.